Course Content
1 | Introduction to Teaching
In this module, you will read a text and watch video about education and stages of the learning cycle. You will check your understanding with concept-checking questions. For the teaching competency standards that this module aligns to, please download the document from the Resources section.
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1.1 | What Is Education?
1.1.1 | Education: True or False?
1.2 | Understanding the Teaching Cycle
1.2.1 | Order the steps of the teaching cycle
1.2.2 | Video: The Teaching Cycle
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1.2.3 | Ordering the Events
2 | Identifying Learners’ Needs
In this module, you will explore what learner needs are, how to identify learner needs, the difference between active and passive learning, and how to design classroom activities for different learners.
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2.1 | Active and Passive Learning
2.1.1 | Active? Passive? Both?
2.2 | Classroom Activities and Their Purpose
2.2.1 | Video: The Brain’s Learning Needs
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2.2.2 | The Brain's Needs
2.2.3 | Practical Classroom Activities
2.3 | What Are Learners’ Needs?
2.3.1 | Matching Activities to Needs
2.3.2 | Matching Needs to Means of Data Collection
3 | School and Community Partnerships (to follow)
Introduction to follow.
4 | Lesson Planning and Learning Objectives
This module introduces the concept of lesson planning by providing a model (the five-stage lesson plan), exploring different types of activities, explaining learning objectives and allowing participants to practice writing their own lesson plan.
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4.1 | The Five-Stage Lesson Plan
4.1.1 | What Stage of the Lesson?
4.2 | Controlled to Free Practice
4.2.1 | Video: Controlled to Free Practice
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4.2.2 | What Subject, and What Stage of the Lesson?
4.3 | Developing Clear Learning Objectives
4.3.1 | From Bad Objective to Good Objective
4.3.2 | Choose the Best Activities
4.4 | Lesson Planning: Putting It All Together
4.4.1 | Creating Controlled and Free Practice Activities
4.4.2 | Planning a Lesson
5 | Equity and Inclusion in Education (to follow)
This module introduces the concepts of equity and inclusion concepts in education.
6 | Classroom Management
This module invites the teacher to reflect on the good and bad behaviour of the students in their classes and how it can be prevented and managed. We will look at different strategies for how to facilitate positive student-teacher relationships to build better learning environments.
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6.1 | How to Create a Positive Learning Environment
6.1.1 | Video: Techniques for Good Relationships
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6.1.2 | Techniques for Good Relationships
6.2 | What Are Rules and Routines?
6.2.1 | Rules and Routines...
6.2.2 | Rule or Routine?
6.3 | Managing Behaviour with Rewards and Punishments
6.3.1 | Reward or Punishment?
6.4 | Giving instructions
6.4.1 | What Strategy Do You See?
6.4.2 | Sequence the Instructions
7 | Diversity and Multicultural Education (to follow)
This module looks at the importance of diversity and multicultural education, and how to successfully manage it.
8 | Questioning Techniques and Cognitive Levels
This module overviews the use of questions in teaching and learning. It covers: elicitation, different question types and using Bloom's taxonomy to write questions.
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8.1 | Eliciting Skills
8.1.1 | Ways to Elicit
8.1.2 | Additional Ways to Elicit Information
8.2 | Types of Questions
8.2.1 | Open Question or Closed Question?
8.2.2 | Prompting, Probing, Divergent or Affective Question?
8.3 | Bloom’s Taxonomy for Questioning
8.3.1 | Video: Bloom’s Taxonomy and Thinking Levels
00:00
8.3.2 | What Level of Bloom's Taxonomy?
9 | Stress Management for Resilience (to follow)
This module is an introduction to the issue of stress and how to cope with it in education, to promote resilience in both teachers and their students.
10 | Innovation in Low-Resource Contexts
This module reviews learning objectives, presents ideas for DIY teaching aids and explores different ways the teacher can enhance learning in environments with limited resources.
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10.1 | Why Do We Need Resources?
10.1.1 | Match Activities to Resources
10.1.2 | Activities With Few or No Resources
10.2 | Making Your Own Materials
10.2.1 | Video: Five Ideas for Making Materials
10.2.2 | Thinking About Making Materials
11 | Motivation and Engagement
This module explores how teachers can define and enhance their student’s engagement and motivation. It will present a variety of strategies and techniques for how to group learners, how to differentiate for engagement and how to give feedback to improve motivation.
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11.1 | To Engage, to Motivate, or to Challenge?
Motivation, Engagement or Challenge?
Why Use This Technique?
11.2 | Engagement: Arranging the Class
11.2.1 | What Are the Best Groupings?
11.2.2 | Choose the Best Advice
11.2.3 | Design the Classroom Arrangement
11.3 | Engagement: Differentiation
11.3.1 | Video: Differentiation
Private: Foundations of Teaching

10.1 | Why Do We Need Resources?

Preview

Before we begin, can you remember the stages of the five-stage lesson plan and what the purpose of each is? Think for a moment. When finished, click below to check if you were correct.

Click here for a review of the five-stage lesson plan
  • Introduction– Students prepare to study the topic of the lesson and activate prior knowledge they have related to the topic.
  • Presentation– Students receive new information, skills and ideas.
  • Controlled practice– Students do activities that help them understand the new information, skills and ideas.
  • Free practice– Students do activities that help them use the new information and skills, using their own opinions and ideas.
  • Review– Students check what they have learned during the lesson.

When planning lesson stages, teachers should identify how long they expect each stage to take. When planning activities for certain stages, teachers should include the time spent giving instructions, doing the activity, checking the answers and giving feedback.

Planning and Resources

In Module 4, we talked about planning and the importance of being prepared for your lessons. There are many things to consider when planning our courses and lessons. These can include:

  • The requirements of the institution
  • The lesson as a part of a course
  • The age of the students
  • The purpose of learning
  • Students’ needs
  • Students’ interests
  • Learning preferences
  • The physical or online environment
  • Activities
  • Resources and materials
  • Flexibility
  • Assessment

In this module, we will look at resources and materials, but more importantly, what teachers can do when they don’t have access to many materials in their classroom.

One of the most important aspects of a lesson, as we learned in Module 4, is the learning objectives. Teachers first need to know what they will teach, and then how they will teach it. Then they can select activities and plan learning experiences. It is very important for teachers to ensure that the activities and learning experiences connect to the learning objectives that they have written.

A teacher should plan which resources and materials they need at each stage. What kinds of resources do you usually use in your daily lessons? What resources do you have access to that can assist teaching and learning in your school?

Think for a moment about the resources that you have available in your school. When finished, click below for some ideas.

Click here for possible resources in a classroom

Possible Resources in a Classroom

  • Inside classroom: walls, notebooks, blackboard/whiteboard, audio speaker.
  • Outside classroom: trees, football, sand, rocks, birds.
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